Novel framework of retaining maximum data quality and energy efficiency in reconfigurable wireless sensor network

There are various unseen and unpredictable networking states in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that adversely affect the aggregated data quality. After reviewing the existing approaches of data quality in WSN, it was found that the solutions are quite symptomatic and they are applicable only in a static environment; however their successful applicability on dynamic and upcoming reconfigurable network is still a big question. Moreover, data quality directly affects energy conservation among the nodes. Therefore, the proposed system introduces a simple and novel framework that jointly addresses the data quality and energy efficiency using probability-based design approach. Using a simplified analytical methodology, the proposed system offers solution in the form of selection transmission of an aggergated data on the basis of message priority in order to offer higher data utilization factor. The study outcome shows proposed system offers a good balance between data quality and energy efficiency in contrast to existing system

Evaluation of DWT based image Fusion with three Different Resampling Methods

Abstract: The science of satellite observation is called remote sensing. In optical remote sensing, the multispectral (MS) image which contains color information is produced by three sensors covering the red, green and blue spectral wavelengths. Because of the trade-off imposed by the physical constraint between spatial and spectral resolutions, the MS image has poor spatial resolution. On the contrast, the panchromatic (PAN) images has high spatial resolution but without color information. Image fusion can combine the geometric detail of the PAN image and the color information of the MS image to produce a high-resolution MS image. -Image fusion is powerful tool to include the detail information into single image from many images taken from different sensors at different instants This study is carried out using Cartosat-2 Panchromatic image with 1m spatial resolution and Resource sat-1 Liss-IV sensor of 3 bands b 2 , b 3 and b 4 with 5.8 m spectral resolution. The images are to be pre-processed to accommodate the fusion algorithm requirements. This pre-processing may include registration and resampling of the MS and PAN images. Image Resampling is the mathematical technique used to alter the scale of an image. Popularly known basic interpolation techniques are nearest neighbor, bilinear and bicubic. These resampled MS and PAN images are fused by using Discrete Wavelet Transformations (DWT) technique. Fusion results are evaluated numerically; and quality metrix are calculated between the fused image and MS image

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTERING SCHEME IN HIERARCHICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

With the advancement in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) sensors are gaining significance in the physical world. WSNs gained the attention of researchers in many challenging aspects. The most important challenge in these networks is energy conservation. One of the best solution in making WSNs energy-efficient is to cluster the networks. In clustering, the nodes are partitioned into some clusters and then some nodes, called cluster heads, are chosen to be the head of each cluster. In a clustered wireless sensor network, the regular nodes sense the field and send their sensed information to the cluster head, then, after gathering and collecting the data, the cluster head transmits them to the base station. Clustering the nodes in wireless sensor networks has many advantages, including scalability, energy efficiency and reducing routing delay. Some of the clustering objectives considered in this paper include fault tolerance, increased connectivity, data aggregation and collision avoidance. For simulation, the network simulator tool (NS2) is used. The performance of the proposed scheme has been shown in graphs for the metrics namely, energy consumption, delay and packet delivery ratio

Spectrophotometric Determination of Malathion in Environmental Samples

A simple, rapid, sensitive, and precise spectrophotometric method for the determination of Malathion is described. The method is based on the decomposition of Malathion in the presence of alcoholic KOH. Dimethyldithiophosphate produced is made to react with Ammonium meta vanadate in Nitric acid with the formation of blue color. Acid degradation of too slow to be important under environmental reaction conditions. However, alkaline degradation is too fast to be a pathway in environmental condition. The products of alkaline degradation are temperature dependant. The absorbance maximum was observed at 760 nm. The Beers law is obeyed up to 11 ppm. Interference study was carried for other pesticides

Catalytic degradation of HIV drugs in water and antimicrobial activity of Chrysin-conjugated Ag-Au, Ag-Cu, and Au-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles

Biogenic synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) have important applications in medicine and catalytic reactions due to their emerging properties. In this study, we report a new approach for the synthesis of biofunctionlized bimetallic silver, gold, and copper (Chry@Ag-Au, Chry@Ag-Cu, and Chry@Au-Cu) nanoparticles using Chry as bioreductant and capping agent, which is a natural anticancer bioflavonoid emerged as potential drug therapy for cancer treatment. The synthesized BMNPs were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET analysis, zeta potential, and UV–Vis spectrometer to know the shape, size, structure, surface area, and bandgap energy. BMNPs were tested for the catalytic degradation of HIV drugs (stavudine (STV) and zidovudine (ZDV)) in the presence of NaBH4 as a reducing agent in an aqueous medium. The maximum degradation (≈ 96 %) of STV and ZDV was observed in 18 min of reaction time using Chry@Ag-Au BMNPs in the presence of NaBH4 and reused up to 5 consecutive runs without significant loss of catalytic activity. The synthesized BMNPs (20 μg/mL) were determined to estimation of antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis bacteria, as well as fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans respectively by well diffusion method